Fault File
All models / Common car faults

The most common car faults

Drawn from 23.8 million first-time MOT tests in Great Britain, 2025. Tyres and brakes lead by a distance; the rest is mostly suspension, steering and, as cars age, corrosion.

What cars fail on most

Measured

The faults that come up most in each area, by the share of first MOTs at ages 6 to 9 where each was recorded, across every model we track. Rough guide costs are a UK ballpark and vary a lot by car, part quality and garage.

Tyres

Tyre tread depth not in accordance with the requirements23.1%
The tyre is worn below the 1.6mm legal minimum. Look at the tread across all four tyres; uneven wear points to alignment or tired suspension.
£50 to £120 per tyre, fitted
A tyre seriously damaged14.4%
A cut, bulge or exposed cord in the tyre. Run your hand around each sidewall and check for lumps, splits or perished rubber.
£50 to £120 each, fitted
A tyre cords visible or damaged1.0%
A cut, bulge or exposed cord in the tyre. Run your hand around each sidewall and check for lumps, splits or perished rubber.
£50 to £120 each, fitted
A tyre pressure monitoring system malfunctioning or obviously inoperative0.5%
A recorded MOT defect on this area.

Brakes

Brake disc or drum excessively weakened, insecure or fractured11.6%
A brake disc or drum worn thin, lipped or corroded. Listen for grinding on a test drive and ask when the brakes were last done.
£150 to £320 per axle with pads
A brake lining or pad worn below 1.5mm10.9%
Brake pad or shoe friction material near its limit. Ask for any recent brake receipts; a soft or long pedal is a warning.
£80 to £150 per axle
Brake disc or drum significantly and obviously worn3.9%
A brake disc or drum worn thin, lipped or corroded. Listen for grinding on a test drive and ask when the brakes were last done.
£150 to £320 per axle with pads
Brake pipe damaged or excessively corroded1.2%
A steel brake pipe or flexible hose corroded or perished. Common on older cars; ask whether the pipes have ever been replaced.
£80 to £200

Suspension

A suspension pin, bush or joint excessively worn6.7%
A worn suspension joint or bush, which knocks and fails the MOT. Listen for clonks over bumps and rock each wheel to feel for play.
£150 to £350 per joint or arm
A shock absorber damaged to the extent that it does not function or showing signs of severe leakage3.4%
A worn or leaking shock absorber. Press down hard on each corner; it should settle in one bounce. Look for oil on the strut.
£150 to £300 per pair, fitted
A spring or spring component fractured or seriously weakened2.6%
A broken or weakened suspension spring. Listen for a clunk over bumps and check the car sits level at all four corners.
£100 to £250 per side
A suspension component excessively damaged or corroded0.8%
A worn suspension joint or bush, which knocks and fails the MOT. Listen for clonks over bumps and rock each wheel to feel for play.
£150 to £350 per joint or arm
A suspension joint dust cover severely deteriorated0.8%
A worn suspension joint or bush, which knocks and fails the MOT. Listen for clonks over bumps and rock each wheel to feel for play.
£150 to £350 per joint or arm

Steering

Steering rack gaiter or ball joint dust cover damaged or deteriorated1.0%
A worn suspension joint or bush, which knocks and fails the MOT. Listen for clonks over bumps and rock each wheel to feel for play.
£150 to £350 per joint or arm
Steering rack gaiter or ball joint dust cover missing or no longer prevents the ingress of dirt etc0.6%
A split rubber boot letting grit into a joint, which then wears out. Cheap if caught early, so it is worth fixing before it ruins the joint.
£40 to £100
A steering ball joint with excessive wear or free play0.5%
A recorded MOT defect on this area.

Lights & electrics

A rear registration plate lamp or light source missing or inoperative in the case of multiple lamps or light sources1.2%
A blown bulb or a faulty lamp. Walk around the car with the lights, indicators and brake lights on.
£5 to £30
The aim of a headlamp is not within limits laid down in the requirements1.0%
A headlight pointing too high or low. Usually a quick adjustment on the test.
£15 to £40
Stop lamp missing, inoperative or in the case of a multiple light source more than 1/2 not functioning0.7%
A blown bulb or a faulty lamp. Walk around the car with the lights, indicators and brake lights on.
£5 to £30
A headlamp or light source missing, inoperative or more than ½ not functioning in the case of LED0.7%
A blown bulb or a faulty lamp. Walk around the car with the lights, indicators and brake lights on.
£5 to £30

Visibility

Windscreen or window damaged or seriously discoloured but not adversely affecting driver's view1.7%
Worn wiper blades or a chip in the driver's line of sight. Cheap and quick to sort; check the blades smear and the screen for cracks.
£15 to £40
Wiper blade missing or obviously not clearing the windscreen1.7%
Worn wiper blades or a chip in the driver's line of sight. Cheap and quick to sort; check the blades smear and the screen for cracks.
£15 to £40
Wiper blade defective0.8%
Worn wiper blades or a chip in the driver's line of sight. Cheap and quick to sort; check the blades smear and the screen for cracks.
£15 to £40
Windscreen washers not working or not providing sufficient fluid to clear the windscreen0.7%
Worn wiper blades or a chip in the driver's line of sight. Cheap and quick to sort; check the blades smear and the screen for cracks.
£15 to £40

Emissions & leaks

Fluid leaking excessively and likely to harm the environment or to pose a safety risk to other road users1.7%
A recorded MOT defect on this area.
Exhaust system leaking or insecure0.8%
Emissions over the limit or a blowing exhaust. Watch for smoke on start-up; on diesels ask about the DPF history.
£50 to £400 or more
Engine MIL illuminated indicating a malfunction0.5%
A recorded MOT defect on this area.

Number plate & ID

Number plate inscription missing or illegible1.5%
A missing, insecure or wrong-spec number plate. A trivial fix, but check the plate matches the documents.
£15 to £30

Wheels

A wheel badly distorted or wear between wheel and hub at spigot mounting0.6%
A recorded MOT defect on this area.

How faults change with age

The same data split by how old the car is.

Younger cars (3 to 5 years)

Tyre tread depth not in accordance with the requirements20.1%
A tyre seriously damaged13.7%
A brake lining or pad worn below 1.5mm9.1%
Brake disc or drum excessively weakened, insecure or fractured8.5%
Brake disc or drum significantly and obviously worn2.8%
A suspension pin, bush or joint excessively worn2.5%

Mostly wear: tyres, brakes and the odd bulb.

Older cars (10 to 15 years)

Tyre tread depth not in accordance with the requirements26.6%
Brake disc or drum excessively weakened, insecure or fractured14.3%
A tyre seriously damaged13.9%
A suspension pin, bush or joint excessively worn12.8%
A brake lining or pad worn below 1.5mm9.2%
A spring or spring component fractured or seriously weakened8.6%

Worn suspension and springs climb, and corrosion spreads across the underside, as the miles and years add up.

Find out about a specific car

Every model has its own weak spots.

Common questions

What is the most common MOT failure?

Tyres. Worn tread and damaged tyres are the single most common reason cars fail, followed closely by brakes. Both are wear items that build up between services.

What are the most common car faults?

Across millions of MOTs the top faults are worn tyres, worn brake discs and pads, tired suspension joints and shock absorbers, split steering gaiters, and, on older cars, corrosion. Lights and wipers fail often too but are cheap to fix.

What fails an MOT most on older cars?

As cars pass ten years old, corrosion and worn suspension climb the list, while the wear items that catch younger cars stay common. The age section on this page shows the shift.

Are these faults expensive to fix?

Most are not. Bulbs, wipers and gaiters are cheap; tyres and brakes are moderate; corrosion needing welding is the one that can get expensive. Each fault below carries a rough range.